Electoral Politics

National and Local Elections:

Costa Rica’s constitutional court, known as Sala IV, ruled in Feb. 2023 that half of all the candidates running for local offices in the 2024 municipal elections must be women.

The Electorate’s Eroding Choices

There are 144 political parties registered with the Elections Supreme Tribunal (TSE in Spanish) whose candidates are eligible to run in Feb. 2024. TSE magistrate and president Eugenia Zamora explained, as quoted by Semanario Universidad, that the partisan fragmentation is a result of eroding identification that the citizenry feels toward their representatives in all governing branches. Definitely a must-explore issue at the municipal level.

Geopolitical Divisions

Municipality:

San Rafael (405) is politically organized to serve five districts: Santiago, San Josecito, San Rafael, Los Angeles and Concepcion.

  1. Central District (San Rafael)
  2. San Josecito
  3. Santiago
  4. Ángeles
  5. Concepción

A note about people: There are government and political figures involved in just about everything in this part of the study. Their names are generally linked to information on the electoral politics section. After all, it is the electoral system that supplies the individuals who carry out the administrative duties at this level.

Communities Overview

This section delves into grassroots initiatives past, present and future. The focus is on how ideas become actions, and from there laws, ordinances or regulations. The effects of activism, either local or regional, can be felt in the smallest of neighborhoods, making this form of citizen participation an important aspect of democratic governance.

Activists:

Activists in this case are the leaders, decision makers, and in general, the people who plan and execute campaigns, protests, boycotts, etc. They usually represent special interest groups. In this section, expect profiles and interviews of these community leaders.


  • In a several part article about the politics of water, there is one environmental lawyer that stands out: José Francisco Alfaro Carvajal. He publishes articles, produces videos, conducts workshop and much more. As the long environmental story of just this one area of Costa Rica deepens, it is evident that Mr. Alfaro plays a leading role.

Associations:

Here, we explore community organizing and development groups at a micro level: neighborhoods, vicinities, gated communities or even a group of property stakeholders within a district who together take on improvements projects.

Private Sector:

Trade associations, small business groups and all other organizations who operate for-profit entities within a district collectively express concerns regarding their condition as employers, tax payers and active members of their community.