Electoral Politics

National and Local Elections:

Costa Rica’s constitutional court, known as Sala IV, ruled in Feb. 2023 that half of all the candidates running for local offices in the 2024 municipal elections must be women.

The Electorate’s Eroding Choices

There are 144 political parties registered with the Elections Supreme Tribunal (TSE in Spanish) whose candidates are eligible to run in Feb. 2024. TSE magistrate and president Eugenia Zamora explained, as quoted by Semanario Universidad, that the partisan fragmentation is a result of eroding identification that the citizenry feels toward their representatives in all governing branches. Definitely a must-explore issue at the municipal level.

Geopolitical Divisions

Municipality:

San Rafael (405) is politically organized to serve five districts: Santiago, San Josecito, San Rafael, Los Angeles and Concepcion.

  1. Central District (San Rafael)
  2. San Josecito
  3. Santiago
  4. Ángeles
  5. Concepción

A note about people: There are government and political figures involved in just about everything in this part of the study. Their names are generally linked to information on the electoral politics section. After all, it is the electoral system that supplies the individuals who carry out the administrative duties at this level.

How It Works

ow that local government officials in San Rafael de Heredia have begun tackling more complex community issues, my aim to chronicle their progress comes more into focus. That is, describing and documenting the processes they apply to develop, propose and carry out community solutions while simultaneously abiding by norms, regulations and the laws of Costa Rica.

As different community groups navigate towards specific objectives in an often unsteady political climate, the analyses in this particular study aim at the solutions resulting from the planning, execution and outcomes of community-government interactions. In this case, the canton of San Rafael de Heredia will serve to illustrate such interactions.

The Officials:
Because of his role as mayor, much more attention is given to Jorge Arias Santamaria. The next in line by order of political relevance is municipal council president Minor Robles Vargas. Both officials respectively are in charge of the municipality and the local parliamentary body.

The Others:
The Supreme Elections Tribunal (TSE) lists all the local government officials in a downloadable document called Nuestros gobernantes (Our Leaders) available from the Election Results section of the TSE’s website. They’re listed by province, canton and/or district. The elected officials are as follows:

  • One mayor and two vice mayors
  • Seven council members and their respective alternates
  • Five district council members for each district and respective alternates

Each of the five districts selects one council member to represent them before the general municipal council. These representatives are known as a síndicos or síndicas.